When to Plant and Harvest Walnuts?
Walnuts are a very beneficial fruit for human health with their rich mineral content and easily digestible protein content. Therefore, their added value is also quite high in terms of export. In addition, walnuts, which are used to flavor desserts and recipes, have an important place in Turkish cuisine. Both the climate characteristics and soil structure of Turkey are suitable for walnut cultivation. Therefore, walnut cultivation is carried out in almost every region. Let’s take a look at what you are curious about walnut cultivation.
When to Plant Walnuts?
Walnut cultivation is carried out in certain seasonal periods, as in other agricultural products. The planting time is determined according to the types of walnut saplings. Planting of tubed walnut saplings is done in May and June in warm weather. The planting time for open-rooted saplings is November, December or March, April, which are the resting period of the plants. The farmer can plant open-rooted walnut saplings at any time between November and April. However, May and June months should be preferred for tubed walnut saplings. Walnut planting can be done in the open in winter and in the summer with tubed saplings. However, although summer months are preferred for planting tubed saplings, extremely hot weather should not be preferred. Since planting walnuts in hot weather requires a lot of watering and labor, planting should be done in mild weather.
What to Consider When Planting Walnuts?
When planting walnuts, the planting area should first be determined and prepared in advance. Pits of certain sizes and intervals should be dug in the fields for the saplings, and walnut saplings should be planted by leaving a certain distance between the pits. In addition, a shovel or pickaxe should be used to prepare the pit, not an auger. Things to consider when planting walnuts are as follows:
First, sapling pits should be opened in the area where walnuts will be planted. When opening the sapling pit, a pickaxe or a scoop should be preferred so that the soil is softer, and an auger should not be used.
A distance of 7 meters should be left side by side and 5 meters behind each other between the sapling pits.
The dimensions of the sapling pit should be at least 50 cm wide and 60 cm high.
After the sapling pit is opened, animal manure and phosphorus fertilizer should be added to the bottom and mixed with the soil. The fertilizer should be covered with soil and should not come into contact with the walnut sapling.
After the fertilizer is covered with soil, a walnut sapling should be placed in the pit. When the root of the sapling is placed in the hole, it should be covered with 4-5 shovels of soil, and the root should not be exposed to air.
After planting the sapling, the plant should be given water.
Planting intervals should also be taken into account according to the walnut variety.
How Long Does It Take to Harvest Walnuts?
All walnuts planted from grafted saplings bear fruit after their first year. However, this applies to walnuts planted from two-year-old saplings. Walnut planting should be carried out with saplings that are at least two years old.
Saplings that are two years old or older bear fruit after their first year. However, the time to obtain productive and quality products from the plant is 5-7 years after planting. Especially in commercial harvests, full yield is obtained between 5-10 years after planting. In terms of yield, a walnut tree that is 20 years old gives 100 kg of fruit, and a 10-year-old walnut tree gives 50 kg of fruit. However, the yield of a tree and the quality of its fruit vary depending on care, labor, and pruning.
When is the Harvest Time for Walnuts?
The harvest time for walnuts is understood by the cracking of the green shell of the fruit. In general, the harvest period may vary in months depending on the annual weather conditions and the climate characteristics of the region. However, the walnut harvest is carried out in the fall as a season. In hot climates, there may be periods when walnut harvest is done in August depending on the ripening of the fruit. In cold climates, walnut harvest may be delayed to October due to the late ripening of the fruit. Therefore, the harvest month is determined according to annual weather changes and climate characteristics. When the green shell of the walnut cracks, it can be harvested.
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